Evolution Of HRM
(Human,2021)
Below is a timeline of the development of the idea of human resource management.
Before the Industrial Revolution-
society was mainly an agrarian economy with little output. There were few
specialised crafts, and they were typically practiced within a village or
community, with apprentices helping the master craftsmen. There weren't many
channels for communication.
- The industrial revolution (1750–1855) signalled the shift in the economy from one centred on agriculture to one based on industry. Industrial setup took the place of modernization and improved communication channels. To investigate worker wages, welfare, and other related matters, a department was established. As a result, personnel management emerged, with its primary responsibility being
- Wages and salaries for workers
- Maintenance of workers' records
- Housing and healthcare facilities for
workers
The
formation of the Labour Union in 1790 was a significant development in the
industrial revolution, as workers in factories and industries were often forced
to put in long hours and receive meagre pay. As unrest grew, workers began to
demonstrate everywhere, which sparked the creation of labour unions. The
industrial relations department was created in order to handle labour issues on
the one hand and management issues on the other. This required the Personnel
Management department to be politically and diplomatically savvy.
After
the Industrial Revolution: The term "human resource management"
underwent a significant change after 1850. Around this time, a lot of research
was published and experiments were carried out, which gave HRM a whole new
significance.
Figure 02
Evaluation of HRM
Source-(HRDictionary, 2012)
Below
is a quick rundown of the main theories that were published during this time.
The
scientific human resource management approach evolved as a result of Frederick
W. Taylor's principles of scientific management, which he presented between
1857 and 1911. This approach was involved in
- ·
Employee education
- ·
Preserving wage consistency
- · Concentrate on increasing productivity.
Elton
Mayo and Fritz Roethlisberger carried out the Hawthorne studies between 1927
and 1940. – The Hawthrone experiment's observations and conclusions caused
human resources to refocus their efforts from increasing worker productivity to
increasing worker efficiency through higher levels of job satisfaction.
McGregor
Douglas Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs (1954) and Theories X and Y (1960)
- The shift from an administrative and passive approach to personnel management
to a more dynamic approach that viewed employees as a valuable resource was
facilitated by these studies and observations.
Human
resource management evolved into a more line management function that was
connected to essential business functions as a result of these concepts and
studies. The following are a few of the main tasks performed by the HR
department:
- ·
Hiring and choosing a competent workforce.
- ·
Inspiration and the advantages for
employees
- ·
workforce development and training
- ·
Pay and evaluations based on performance.
2.1 A Strategic Approach to Human Resource Management Evolution
Human
resource management is becoming more important in today's world due to the growth
of the technology and knowledge-based industries as well as the increased level
of global competition. Aligning personal aspirations with organisational goals
and objectives is its greatest achievement. Strategic human resource management
(HRM) centres on initiatives that set the company apart from its rivals and
have a lasting effect on its performance. (HRDictionary,
2012)
Conclusion
The department inside a corporation in
charge of workforce management is known as human resource management, or HRM.
Early in the 20th century, keeping records and making sure labour rules were
followed were the key priorities in the development of HRM. The function of HRM
has changed over time to become more proactive and strategic in coordinating
human resources with the aims and objectives of the company.
References
HRDictionary (2012). Evolution of Human
Resource Management. [online] HRdictionary. Available at: https://hrdictionaryblog.com/2012/10/28/evolution-of-human-resource-management/. [Accessed date-12/12/2023]
Human (2021). Evolution of Human Resource Management. [online] YouTube. Available at: https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fm.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DOXYxIG269ic&psig=AOvVaw2PtrIzhLcIqivCKs5mDoH4&ust=1702977319963000&source=images&cd=vfe&opi=89978449&ved=0CBIQjRxqFwoTCKjw6IXTmIMDFQAAAAAdAAAAABAD [Accessed 18 Dec. 2023].
www.youtube.com.
(n.d.). Evolution of HRM. [online] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kxc8KceOb14&t=342s
[Accessed 18 Dec. 2023].
